锻铜浮雕(又叫錾铜或敲铜),是利用铜材料的延展性兴起来得錾刻工艺,是我国传统手工艺百花中的一枝奇葩。之中技术据今已有几千年的历史。 锻铜工艺品的造型,主要为平面的片活,片活是平装在某些器物上或悬挂起来供人欣赏。錾刻工艺的操作,是在设计好器行或图案后,按照一定的工艺流程,以特制的工具和特定的技法,在金属板上加工出千变万化的浮雕状图案。完成一件精美的錾刻工艺品需要十多道工艺流程,加上技术工人的格调创造,匠心独运地打造出个性化,现代化的雕塑作品。
Wrought brass relief (also called knock chisel copper or copper), is the use of the ductility of copper material rise comes carve engraves technology, is China's traditional crafts flowers in the flower. According to today has several thousand years of history of technology. The modelling of wrought brass handicrafts, mainly for the flat piece of live, live is the paperback on some items or hang up for people to enjoy. Carve engraves process operation, it is after the design is good or pattern, according to certain technological process, with special tools and special technique, create ever-changing relief on the metal plate processing pattern. Needed to complete a fine chisel carved handicrafts ten multi-channel processes, and skilled workers, the style of creation, ingeniously create personalized, modern sculpture.
锻铜是一种区别于铸铜的工艺,是在铜板上进行创作,利用铜板加热后质地变软,锤打后又恢复坚硬的特性,重复这一过程,最终制作出艺术作品或其它生活、工业用品。随着人民生活水平和审美情趣的提升,锻铜这一传统工艺尤其在工艺美术领域受到越来越多设计师和大众的喜爱。
Wrought brass is a kind of difference in the process of copper casting, is conducted on copper plate, using copper after heating quality of a material soft, hammering again after hard characteristics, repeat this process, and eventually produce works of art, or other life and industrial supplies. As people's living standard and aesthetic taste of ascension, wrought brass this traditional process especially in the field of arts and crafts are popular more and more designers and the public.
火、锤子和錾子是锻铜的三个重要元素。
Fire, a hammer and chisel are three important elements of wrought brass.
小型锻铜工艺作品或大型浮雕局部加工可以采取氧气加乙炔产生的高温加热,大型作品就需要生炉火鼓风加热。加热这一环节相对容易。加热后的铜板要用皮锤敲打平整。
Small wrought brass process works or large relief local processing can take oxygen and acetylene produced by high temperature heating, large work requires a fire blast heating. Heating this link relatively easy. After heating of COINS to use leather hammer is flat and level.
适当比例的松香和土等原料放在容器内熔化后,将其倒入四周有3-5厘米高起边沿的工作台上,用于固定加热后的铜板,此法比最初的沙袋法牢固且锤錾手感好。
Appropriate proportion of raw materials such as soil and rosin is put in the container after melting, pour it is around 3-5 cm high up the edge of the worktable, used for fixed heating copper plate, after this method than the original sandbags law firm hammer and chisel feel is good.
锤子和錾子的运用则是整个锻铜工艺的关键,这即是”锻铜“又被称为”錾铜“的原因。每个锻铜师傅手中都有上百把形式各样的錾子,在铜板上用这些錾子勾勒出高低起伏的线条叫”走线“,快速准确的按图纸走线是需要下几年的功夫的,尤其是一些关键部分,比如人物的面部特征等。大型锻铜作品需要多名锻铜工匠的配合和集体创作,一些工艺过程要求工匠的配合要十分默契,比如有时需要将铜板悬挂起来,锻铜师傅们在铜板的两侧同时作业,使每一个高低错落的线条达到完美。
Using a hammer and chisel is the key to the whole wrought brass process, this is "wrought brass chisel" also known as "copper". Each wrought brass master hand has hundreds of the form of chisel on copper plate with these chisel outline of ups and downs of the line is called "linear", fast walk according to the drawing line is need several years of efforts, especially some key parts, such as the character's facial features. Large wrought brass work need more wrought brass with the craftsmen and the collective creation, some process requires artisans cooperate with very tacit understanding, sometimes need to hang up copper, for example, wrought brass kitchen staff in both sides of the coin operation at the same time, make each strewn at random discretion line to achieve perfection.