对古代铜器的断代、 分期、 质地、用途、真伪和价值进行判断和辨别。古代铜器是指青铜时代的铜器及汉代以后直至明清时期的铜质器物。中国铜器起源很早。1975年甘肃省东乡县马家窑文化遗址中出土的单范铸铜刀，距今已有5000年的历史。古代铜器的鉴定早在春秋战国时期就已出现了有关的文字记载。《韩非子说林下》中就曾谈及齐人与鲁人对铜器真伪的辨识。宋代以后,因文物大量造伪，致使鉴定问题更为突出，并出现了许多有关的专著，如北宋吕大临编辑的《考古图》和随后出现的《宣和博古图》，明初曹昭所著《格古要论》，高濂作《遵生八笺》，直至清代乾隆年间编定的《西清古鉴》和嘉庆初年阮元编录的《积古斋钟鼎□器款识》等。综合历代的经验，古代铜器鉴定的手段可分为两种，一种是凭借眼力和经验，进行观察、鉴定的传统方法;一种是根据仪器化验、探测和分析的科学方法。 To judge and distinguish the broken generation, stage, texture, use, authenticity and value of the ancient bronze ware. Ancient bronze ware refers to bronze ware in Bronze Age and bronze ware from the han dynasty until the Ming and qing dynasties. The Chinese bronze ware originated early. Five thousand years ago, the single fan cast-bronze dao was unearthed in the cultural site of ma jiayu in dongxiang county, gansu province. The identification of the ancient bronze ware was recorded in the period of the spring and autumn and the warring states period. "Han fei zi said in the forest" that he had discussed the identification of the bronze ware by qi and lu. The large number of making false after the song dynasty, because of the cultural relics appraisal problem is more outstanding, and led to many related monographs, such as the northern song dynasty Lv Dalin editing the archaeological figure and subsequent broadcasting the information rich ancient figure ", Ming Cao Zhao by the antiquities, gao made the following eight ", until the start of the qianlong in the qing dynasty the west qing pillar and the early years of the jiaqing RuanYuan catalog of the product of ancient lent inscription "tripod - device, etc. Through the experience of the past dynasties, the methods of the ancient bronze ware appraisal can be divided into two kinds, one is the traditional method of observation and appraisal with the eye force and experience. One is a scientific method based on instrumentation, detection and analysis.