中国历史——青铜镜
今天,我们已经习惯每天对起镜子把自己精心打扮一番;但在玻璃镜出现之前,镜子是用铜造的,准确地说,是青铜镜。考古发现证明,中国在距今4,000年前的齐家文化时期,就开始使用青铜镜,经历了商、周、汉、唐、宋、元、明,直到清代中晚期以后,青铜镜才逐步为玻璃镜所取代,退出人们的生活。铜镜被人们使用了约3,800年左右的时间,可算是中国古代诸种金属器物之中沿用时间最长、使用范围最广、又对人们日常生活产生过许多影响的古器物。
Today, we are used to dressing ourselves up in the mirror every day. But before the glass mirror, the mirror was made of copper, which is, to be precise, a bronze mirror. Archaeological discoveries prove that China's own culture in about 4000 years ago, began to use bronze mirror, the shang, zhou, han, tang, song, yuan, Ming, until the qing dynasty period, has been gradually replaced by glass mirror, bronze mirror out of people's life. Bronze mirror is used by people for about 3800 years or so, is of various kinds of metal implements used the longest time in ancient China, the most widely use scope, and the artifacts produced many influence People's Daily life.
铜镜本身是一种工艺美术品,镜子的背面一般都铸有精美的纹饰或文字,这些纹饰的图案造型与铭文,往往浓缩了各历史时期的社会思想观念与审美情趣,它制作精细,既体现了较高的工艺制作技术水平,又具有很高的艺术价值。
Bronze mirror itself is a kind of arts and crafts, the back of the mirror is generally cast is exquisite decorative or text, these decorative design modelling and inscriptions, tend to concentrate in the historical period of the social ideology and aesthetic temperament and interest, it made careful, reflected the high technical level of the production process, but also has the very high artistic value.
齐家文化时期的铜镜
The bronze mirror of qi's cultural period
青铜镜被使用了近4,000年,它已经超越了日常生活中照面饰容的用途,深深融入了我们的社会生活和文化意识,譬如人们常说的“破镜重圆”、“明镜高悬”、“以史为鉴”(古书“鉴”与“镜”常互通)等等,都反映出铜镜文化已经成为中国文化的一个组成部分。古代铜镜除了作为照面饰容的工具之外,更浓缩着文化,见证着历史,默默记录着悠悠历史长河中的波澜起伏。
Bronze mirror has been used for nearly 4000 years, it has transcended the act the role ofing use, daily life exchanges is embedded in our social life and cultural consciousness, for example, people often say "break up", "mirror hung", "taking history as a mirror" (ancient books "guide" and "mirror" often exchange), and so on, all reflect the culture of bronze mirror has become a part of Chinese culture. The ancient bronze mirror, apart from the tool of the surface decoration, is a more concentrated culture, witnessing history, silently recording the ups and downs of the long history.